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Module 270202j — Automatic Transmission Fundamentals

Focus: torque converters, basic planetary gear operation and overall AT fundamentals.

What are the three major functional sections that make up all automatic transmissions, whether longitudinal RWD or transverse FWD transaxle units?

What is the main objective in the development of the automatic transmission?

In an automatic transmission operating in overdrive, how does the output speed and input torque compare to the input speed and output torque?

What must happen when the transmission reaches the coupling point during acceleration?

What is the approximate maximum ratio of torque multiplication provided by a three-member torque converter during a stall condition?

For practical purposes, when is the coupling point assumed to be reached in a conventional torque converter?

What condition occurs when the oil flow within the torque converter is termed vortex flow?

Vortex flow is greatest when the turbine is stopped and the impeller is turning as fast as the engine can, a condition known as:

When does rotary flow (coupling point) in a torque converter create the greatest torque output?

What is the explicit purpose of the stator in a non-lockup torque converter?

The redirection of oil flow by the stator increases engine torque by an approximate 2.00:1 to 3.00:1 ratio. The exact amount of torque multiplication depends on what physical characteristic of the converter?

The stator in an automatic transmission uses a one-way clutch (overrunning clutch). What is the purpose of this clutch?

What happens to the sprag clutch in a one-way clutch assembly when the impeller and turbine are operating at the same speed (freewheeling/overrunning)?

What component does the torque converter turbine element (output element) transfer power to?

What is the required condition of the stator during vehicle acceleration (before coupling speed) to achieve torque multiplication?

What is the fundamental difference between a fixed displacement pump and a variable displacement pump in an automatic transmission?

Gear-type pumps are often referred to as crescent pumps for what reason?

What is the function of the large area of the inlet port compared to the outlet port in a fixed displacement pump?

Automatic transmission pumps are classified as positive displacement hydraulic pumps. What does this mean concerning their operation?

Which component controls the output volume and system pressure of a variable displacement vane pump?

What action occurs to reduce the output volume of a variable displacement vane pump when system pressure increases?

What is the required condition for a hydraulic system to develop pressure?

The transmission oil pump must constantly circulate a small volume of oil through the converter, oil cooler, and transmission to prevent overheating. What is the ideal running temperature range for the transmission?

Why do manufacturers build an oil cooler into the radiator, and sometimes offer an auxiliary cooler mounted in front of the radiator?

The size of an aftermarket transmission cooler is determined by the combined Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) of which components?

Why is a red dye added to most automatic transmission fluids?

ATF Type F is characterized by having which specific property that transmissions requiring it require?

Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) consists of approximately what percentage of base oil and performance additives?

What is the purpose of the Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) in lockup converters?

Which major advantage is provided by the lockup torque converter over the conventional non-lockup type?

A lockup converter is known as a four-member (element) converter because it contains the standard three elements plus which additional assembly?

The apply piston/plate in a lockup converter incorporates what component to reduce torsional vibration when the converter is locked?

How is the process of locking the lockup converter clutch accomplished?

What is the state of fluid flow through a lockup torque converter when the lockup clutch is in its engaged position?

The lockup clutch in a non-computer controlled vehicle will only engage when the transmission is in which specific gear?

In a non-computer controlled vehicle, which condition is one of the ways the locked converter can be unlocked?

Which sensor is monitored by the PCM to prevent the torque converter clutch from applying until the engine reaches its operating temperature?

In the event the Transmission Oil Temperature (TOT) sensor detects an overheat condition, how may the PCM modify the TCC operation?

What is the explicit function of the Brake Release Switch signal when received by the PCM?

Automatic transmission fluid is defined as a fluid rather than an oil primarily to differentiate it from which other type of lubricant?

Automatic transmission fluids (ATFs) must maintain a high viscosity index to ensure what performance feature is retained?

What is the general classification of automatic transmission fluids that includes Mercon and Dexron types?

Which of the following is considered a Static Seal component of the automatic transmission external components?

What component acts as a reservoir for transmission fluid, houses the transmission filter, and helps cool the fluid by having air flow over it?

The torque converter hub is the part of the converter housing that supports the rear of the converter. The outer surface of the hub provides a surface for which two transmission components?

When a torque converter fails, which component is listed in Table 2 as a mandatory related sales opportunity?

When an oil pump fails, what component is listed in Table 2 as a recommended related sale item?

What is the fundamental disadvantage of manually attempting to restart vortex flow by accelerating the engine after the vehicle has reached approximately 65 to 95 km/h (40 to 60 mph)?

What non-transmission input signal is monitored by the PCM to determine the engine load, aiding in the application or release of the torque converter clutch?

The greatest volume of oil discharged from the transmission oil pump is delivered to which primary component?